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Some usefull linux commands

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]I always forget some usefull Linux command, because I’m more experienced with Windows. So I wrote them down for me.

 

Let’s start …[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]cat /etc/lsb-release
cat /proc/issue
uiname -a

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Show version of linux and the distribution

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]du -csh *[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Show the sizes of all files and directories in the current directory.
-c : Show a grand total
-s : Show sum for every directory
-h : Show results in human readable form

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815072566{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]df -a -h[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Show used disk space
-a : All files
-h : Human readable form

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815112542{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]lsb_release -a[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Show the installed ubuntu version

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]tar -zcvf filename.tgz sourcefolder –exclude=’folder’ –exclude=’upload/folder2′ [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Compresses a complete folder.
Exclude some folders:
--exclude='foldername'
Must stand before the source or the target description

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]2>/dev/null[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Ignore error output

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]sudo -i[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Open root shell

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]scp -r tux@sun.example.com:/foo_directory .[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

To copy a whole directory structure, use the 
recursive mode of scp.

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]groups[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

List all groups

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]groups <user>[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Show groups of a user

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]usermod -a -G <group[,group…]> <user>[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Add a user to group(s)

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1472815121538{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_separator][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]ls -t[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

Order ls output by date/time, most recent first, ls -tr most recent last

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